Small Non-Coding RNAs in Human Cancer
Qunli Xiong, Yaguang Zhang, Junjun Li, Qing Zhu
Abstract
Small non-coding RNAs are widespread in the biological world and have been extensively explored over the past decades. Their fundamental roles in human health and disease are increasingly appreciated. Furthermore, a growing number of studies have investigated the functions of small non-coding RNAs in cancer initiation and progression. In this review, we provide an overview of the biogenesis of small non-coding RNAs with a focus on microRNAs, PIWI-interacting RNAs, and a new class of tRNA-derived small RNAs. We discuss their biological functions in human cancer and highlight their clinical application as molecular biomarkers or therapeutic targets.
Topics & Concepts
microRNAPiwi-interacting RNABiogenesisBiologyComputational biologySmall nucleolar RNARNAHuman genomeLong non-coding RNANon-coding RNAGenomeBioinformaticsGeneticsGeneRNA interferenceRNA modifications and cancerMicroRNA in disease regulationCancer-related molecular mechanisms research