Utilization of electric prime movers in hydraulic heavy-duty-mobile-machine implement systems
David Fassbender, Viacheslav Zakharov, Tatiana Minav
Abstract
Electrifying vehicles yields advantages such as reduced emissions, better performance and more flexibility. While electric machines can directly drive the wheels or tracks of heavy-duty mobile machines (HDMMs), the implements require a combination of electrics and hydraulics for robust, high-force linear actuation. This survey focuses on different of such electro-hydraulic implement systems that have been proposed by industry and academia over the last decades. For the hydraulic circuits, centralized valve-controlled architectures are identified as less progressive but easy to implement for a fast market penetration, while novel decentralized circuit concepts can be more efficient but also more challenging for HDMMs compared to stationary or aircraft applications. The electric machine (EM)-pump combinations are mostly formed out of standard components so far, while customized, integrated or even linear-pump concepts offer room for improvement. Different forms of non-stationary electric energy supplies were also found to be numerous, but many technologies require more development.