Investigation of GAM zonal flows near the pedestal region of H-mode on EAST tokamak
Feng Xi, A. D. Liu, G. Zhuang, Chu Zhou, Xiao Lan Zou, Haiqing Liu, Lei Ye, Zongliang Dai, Feifei Long, Shouxin Wang, Liang Wang, Liqing Xu, Hailin Zhao, Jin Zhang, X. Zhong, Mingyuan Wang, Shifan Wang, Lifu Gao, Wenxiang Shi, Sichun Qiu, Liuxin Li, Yifan Feng, Xiaoying Chen, Yanyi Zhang, Tao Lan, Hong Li, Wenzhe Mao, Zixi Liu, Weixing Ding, Jinlin Xie, Wandong Liu, Zhongbing Shi
Abstract
Abstract Geodesic acoustic mode (GAM) is the finite frequency counterpart of zonal flow in toroidal plasmas, which could be excited by and regulate turbulence. This article reports a stationary eigenmode GAM at the inner side of the edge radial electric field contributing to an extreme high confinement plasma with <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>98</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>></mml:mo> <mml:mn>1.3</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . Such GAM could be observed exclusively in the vicinity of the pedestal top, but not in the pedestal region itself, which represents a previously unreported phenomenon. The bicoherence analysis demonstrates a robust interaction between the GAM and quasi coherent mode (QCM). Statistical evidence indicates that GAMs with such characteristics display a proclivity for a large q 95 and low collisionality in all instances of H-mode accompanied by QCM. Based on the Gyro-kinetic simulation, the QCM is the low n trapped electron mode (TEM) and that the GAM is driven by TEM. Furthermore, the simulations show that the amplitude of GAM declines in conjunction with an increase in the collisionality, which is consistent with the experimental statistics. Additionally, the simulations demonstrate that the turbulent transport exhibits a corresponding decrease as GAM amplitude declines, implying that GAM and its interaction with the QCM would play an important role in the stability and confinement enhancement of such H-mode.