Toward Doping in Graphitic Carbon Nitride: Progress and Perspectives on Catalytic Hydrogen Production
Drisya Mottammal, Jayesh Cherusseri, Susmi Anna Thomas, R. S. Rimal Isaac, Deepthi N. Rajendran, Myong Yong Choi
Abstract
Abstract The expanding urbanization, population growth, and climate emergency have stimulated the development of sustainable energy technologies for a greener future. Hydrogen energy is viewed as a key solution to meet the ever‐increasing energy demand. The evolution of electrocatalysts for hydrogen production plays a crucial role in this context. Sustainable and low‐cost materials with excellent catalytic performance are highly preferred for both photocatalytic and electrocatalytic hydrogen production. Graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C 3 N 4 ) is a versatile layered two‐dimensional material used in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, a comprehensive review investigating the effects of doping on both photocatalytic and electrocatalytic HER is lacking in the literature. This gap motivates the writing of a detailed review on g‐C 3 N 4 ‐based catalysts for sustainable hydrogen production through both photocatalysis and electrocatalysis. This review encompasses the key features of g‐C 3 N 4 ‐based electrocatalysts, the doping of g‐C 3 N 4 , their HER activities, and performance evaluations. It is concluded that doping is an effective approach to enhance the catalytic performance of g‐C 3 N 4 ‐based catalysts for sustainable hydrogen production.