CuFe2O4/hydroxyapatite magnetic nanocomposite synthesized using pensi clam shells as a source of calcium for degradation of dye and anti-bacterial applications
Rahmayeni Rahmayeni, Tio Putra Wendari, Sari Ramadani, Yeni Stiadi, Nofrijon Sofyan, Zulhadjri Zulhadjri
Abstract
CuFe2O/hydroxyapatite magnetic composites were synthesized via a hydrothermal technique using Pensi clam shells as a calcium source and betel leaf extract as a capping agent. XRD patterns of the composite displayed appearance peaks of the hexagonal structure of hydroxyapatite and the cubic structure of spinel CuFe2O4. SEM and TEM images show the spherical CuFe2O4 nanoparticles were distributed on the surface of granular hydroxyapatite grains. CuFe2O/hydroxyapatite composites have an absorption edge in the visible region with Eg values within the range of 1.68–1.83 eV. The composites possess a soft ferromagnetic behavior with the range of saturation magnetic (Ms) is 17.7–38.4 emu/g, remnant magnetization (Mr) is 1.3–2.2 emu/g and magnetic coercivity (Hc) is 363–372 Oe. The surface area of the composite estimated by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method is 13.699 m2/g. The degradation percentage of Direct Red 81 dye reached 99.8% for 2 h irradiation. As an antibacterial agent against S. aureus and E. coli, the composite showed resistance with 11.9 mm of inhibition zone.