Genetic diversity, virulence and distribution of antimicrobial resistance among <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> isolated from milk, beef, and bovine farm environment.
C. S. Swetha, K Porteen, A. Elango, B.S.M. Ronald, Tanweer Kumar, AROCKIASAMYARUN PRINCE MILTON, S. Sureshkannan
Abstract
BACKGROUND: in animal production units coupled with their presence in milk, faeces, feed, water, sewage, and soil is a contributory factor for foodborne listeriosis in humans and animals. AIMS: recovered from different types of samples and also to study antimicrobial patterns by phenotypic and genotypic methods. METHODS: , the identification of its serogroup and lineage, and the detection of virulence markers. Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC), and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR were used to characterize those isolates, and antimicrobial patterns were studied phenotypically by Kirby-Bauer method and genotypically by PCR. RESULTS: genes. CONCLUSION: in bovine farm environments coupled with virulence markers, and multidrug resistance from the study area suggest a possible transmission from the environment to humans and animals which needs to be monitored regularly to ensure food safety and the well-being of animals and humans.