Chemicals from Vegetable Oils, Fatty Derivatives, and Plant Biomass
Gobinda Karmakar, Pranab Ghosh, Kirtika Kohli, Brajendra K. Sharma, Sevim Z. Erhan
Abstract
The overwhelming utilization of petroleum-based products and the scarcity of the raw materials in the coming future, along with their negative impacts on the environment, has compelled us to use materials from natural resources. The utilization of vegetable oils (VOs) or plant biomass as potential feedstock for numerous functional materials and their application in diverse fields has recently attracted considerable interest. The triglyceride esters of fatty acids, a major content of VOs, can be used as a reliable starting material to synthesize various biomaterials that have applications in diverse fields. Production of biofuel/biolubricants from VOs is very important at this time due to increasing environmental pollution from the automotive industry. In this review, we have highlighted different modes of chemical transformation via various reactions at the carboxy or olefin functionalities of triglycerides of biobased oils, and also the application of bioderived materials for versatile applications, specifically focusing on the formulation of biofuel and biolubricants.