Physico-chemical characterization and biochemical profiling of mango genotypes during different fruit development stages
R MEGHA, Sanjay Kumar Singh, Manish Srivastav, Jai Prakash, Supradip Saha, Satyabrata Pradhan
Abstract
Physico-chemical properties of 16 diverse mango genotypes were estimated at ripe stage, besides phenolic and sugar fractions were quantified in eight contrasting genotypes during different fruit developmental stages (egg, mature and ripe). The maximum fruit weight and length (298.33 g, 11.85 cm) were observed in Mallika compared to St. Alexandrina (100.80 g, 7.73 cm). Genotype Langra (861.44 mg/ 100 g) registered the highest total phenolics content, while lowest was in Dashehari (338.73 mg/ 100 g). The genotype Mallika had the maximum total soluble sugars (9.64%), compared to Totapuri (6.43%), which was minimum. Phenolic profiling using LC-MS/MS identified 14 major phenolic fractions, namely, quinic acid, methyl gallate, gallic acid, mangiferin and other minor fractions, of which gallic acid and catechin were further quantified. The gallic acid content was observed to increase from egg stage (0.864 mg/100 g) to ripe stage (3.065 mg/ 100 g). In contrast, catechin content declined from egg stage (0.820 mg/ 100 g) to ripe stage (0.050 mg /100 g). The major sugar fractions identified through LC-MS/MS were glucose, fructose and sucrose, which were found to increase with the advancement in fruit developmental stages, though the sucrose was found highest at ripening.