Mechanisms of insulin resistance in type 1 diabetes mellitus: A case of glucolipotoxicity in skeletal muscle
Mitchell J. Sammut, Michelle Dotzert, C.W. James Melling
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR), a hallmark of type 2 diabetes mellitus, develops in a significant number of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) despite the use of insulin therapy to control glycemia. However, little is currently understood regarding the underlying mechanisms of IR in T1DM, especially within the context of chronic insulin treatment. Recent evidence suggests an important influence of glucolipotoxicity in skeletal muscle on insulin sensitivity in T1DM. Thus, this review summarizes our current knowledge regarding impairments in skeletal muscle lipid, glucose, and oxidative metabolism in the development of IR in insulin-treated T1DM.
Topics & Concepts
Insulin resistanceMedicineSkeletal muscleInternal medicineInsulinEndocrinologyContext (archaeology)Diabetes mellitusType 2 Diabetes MellitusType 1 diabetesType 2 diabetesBiologyPaleontologyMetabolism, Diabetes, and CancerDiabetes Management and ResearchAdipose Tissue and Metabolism