A Review of Surface Haptics: Enabling Tactile Effects on Touch Surfaces
Cagatay Basdogan, Frederic Giraud, Vincent Levesque, Seungmoon Choi
Abstract
In this article, we review the current technology underlying surface haptics that converts passive touch surfaces to active ones (machine haptics), our perception of tactile stimuli displayed through active touch surfaces (human haptics), their potential applications (human-machine interaction), and finally, the challenges ahead of us in making them available through commercial systems. This article primarily covers the tactile interactions of human fingers or hands with surface-haptics displays by focusing on the three most popular actuation methods: vibrotactile, electrostatic, and ultrasonic.
Topics & Concepts
Haptic technologyTactile perceptionTactile sensorTactile displaySurface (topology)Tactile stimuliComputer sciencePerceptionFlat surfaceComputer visionArtificial intelligenceHuman–computer interactionEngineeringHaptic perceptionArtificial limbsComputer graphics (images)Multi-touchSimulationCurrent (fluid)AcousticsMaterials scienceHuman interactionTactile and Sensory InteractionsTeleoperation and Haptic SystemsInteractive and Immersive Displays