A comparison of microwave and ultrasound routes to prepare nano-hydroxyapatite fertilizer improving morphological and physiological properties of maize (Zea mays L.)
Homa Sajadinia, Dadkhoda Ghazanfari, Kazem Naghavii, Hormozd Naghavi, Batool Tahamipur
Abstract
L.), a factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized block design. The fertilizer treatments included in this study were simple superphosphate, triple superphosphate, microwave nano-hydroxyapatite, and ultrasound nano-hydroxyapatite and examined at five concentration levels. The results showed that the application of nano-hydroxyapatite phosphate fertilizers improved the growth and physiological properties of maize plant. This would raise better results in comparison to the simple and triple superphosphate fertilizers. Considering the positive effects of nano-hydroxyapatite fertilizers and high production levels, the results of this experiment revealed that the synthetic nano-hydroxyapatite methods prevent phosphorus loss; therefore, it is recommended to use nano-phosphate fertilizers in food resource management to achieve a favorable quantitative yield. Moreover, they can be regarded as a favorable solution to deal with the environmental problems.