Calcium Vanadate Micro/Nanostructures for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Shaoyan Zhang, Kun Wang, Zhenghao Hou, Cuihong Sun, Yingna Hou, Danfeng Zhang, Fei Li
Abstract
The ability to control the composition and structure of inorganic compounds by simple synthesis methods is essential to the design and development of electrode materials of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Here we report the controllable synthesis of calcium vanadate micro/nanostructures via a simple hydrothermal method. By easily adjusting the pH value of a reaction system, a Ca10V6O25 straw-bundle-like structure, Ca2V2O7 microplatelet, and CaV6O16·3H2O sponge-like macrostructure can be selectively synthesized. The regulation mechanism of different calcium vanadate micro/nanostructures was investigated. In addition, CaV6O16·3H2O and CaV6O16·3H2O/GO self-standing papers were obtained by pressing the sponge-like macrostructure and vacuum filtration, respectively. The electrochemical performances of the CaV6O16·3H2O and CaV6O16·3H2O/GO papers as the self-standing and binder-free anodes for LIBs were investigated for the first time. The as-obtained CaV6O16·3H2O/GO hybrid paper anode exhibits a high discharge capacity of 664.0 mA h g–1 after 250 cycles at 200 mA g–1 and good cycling stability, demonstrating its potential application as a self-standing anode for LIBs.