Dietary <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> GG extracellular vesicles enhance antiprogrammed cell death 1 (anti-PD-1) immunotherapy efficacy against colorectal cancer
Shun Lu, Jing Xu, Zihao Zhao, Yuheng Guo, Hanwen Zhang, Peter W. Jurutka, Dechun Huang, Chongjiang Cao, Shujie Cheng
Abstract
T cells in tumor tissues. Meanwhile, the diversity of the gut microbiota and the abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as Lactobacillus, increased in the combined-treatment mice. In addition, there were significant changes in the levels of serum metabolites associated with the microbiota and anti-tumor effects, including uridine, which was elevated by the combination of anti-PD-1 and LGG-EV treatment. Our findings provide theoretical and mechanistic insights into the development of LGG-EV as postbiotics in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors for cancer therapy.
Topics & Concepts
Lactobacillus rhamnosusImmune systemCD8ImmunotherapyColorectal cancerCancer researchCancerLactobacillusChemistryImmunologyMedicineMicrobiologyBiologyInternal medicineBiochemistryFermentationExtracellular vesicles in diseaseAntimicrobial Peptides and ActivitiesGalectins and Cancer Biology