Hepatic veno-occlusive disease development in the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients: incidence and associated risk factors, a meta-analysis
Yangchao Xia, Heping Qin, Jiao Yang
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Now there are no efficient prophylactic or treatment strategies for hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD). Therefore, it is critical to early identify patients at high risk of VOD. AIM: To analyze the risk factors of VOD in the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients. METHODS: A comprehensive search of the population was conducted. RESULTS: Twenty-one studies with 27 679 HSCT patients were eligible. The incidence of VOD was 15% [95% confidence interval (CI) 13-17%]. The following were the risk factors for VOD: mismatched HLA [odds ratio (OR) 2.34, 95% CI 1.20-4.57, P = 0.01], history of liver disease (OR 2.72, 95% CI 2.03-3.64, P < 0.00001), elevated AST before transplant (OR 2.49, 95% CI 1.49-4.15, P = 0.0005), months from diagnosis to HSCT > 12 months (OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.15-2.69, P = 0.009), previous radiation (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.49-2.31, P < 0.00001), busulphan (OR 3.69, 95% CI 2.58-5.29, P < 0.00001) and MTX (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.22-2.69, P = 0.003). There were no significant differences for VOD presentation in the patients with regards to sex, number of HSCT, Karnofsky score <90%, unrelated donor, autologous HSCT, CYA and heparin prophylaxis. CONCLUSION: Mismatched HLA, liver disease (history of liver disease, elevated AST), months from diagnosis to HSCT >12 months, previous radiation and use of hepatotoxic drugs (BU and MTX) are the independent risk factors for VOD in the HSCT patients.