A consortium of detoxifying bacteria mitigates the aflatoxin B1 toxicosis on performance, health, and blood constituents of laying hens
Mohammad Amir Karimi Torshizi, Asghar Sedaghat
Abstract
ABSTRACT Detoxification approaches are evolving from physical to biological to eliminate the toxins altogether. The current study was conducted to compare the impact of 2 newly developed toxin deactivators, Magnotox-alphaA ( MTA ) and Magnotox-alphaB ( MTB ) with a commercially available toxin binder, Mycofix Plus MTV INSIDE ( MF ) in alleviating the pernicious effects of aflatoxin B1 ( AFB1 ) in laying hens. The treatments were: 1) negative control ( NC ; without AFB1), 2) positive control ( PC ; contaminated with 500 ppb AFB1), 3) MF (PC + 2 kg MF/ton feed), 4) MTA (PC + 2 kg MTA/ton feed), and 5) MTB (PC + 2 kg MTB/ton feed). Detoxifying bacteria revealed a substantial reduction of different toxins in vitro, in which 98.8, 94.5, and 73.3% degradation rates were achieved, respectively, for zearalenone ( ZEN ), patulin, and AFB1 in the first 1 h of exposure. The PC group had a sharp decline in egg production ( EP ; 68.83%) while MTB showed the superior EP (95.74%) followed by NC (90.66%), MF (86.57%), and MTA (82.08%; P ≤ 0.05). Egg weight ( EW ) was also observed to be inferior in PC group (53.80 g; P ≤ 0.05). Egg mass ( EM ) was higher in MTB (57.55 g) and NC (54.33 g) groups while PC produced the lowest (39.64 g; P ≤ 0.05). MTB and NC groups also demonstrated the best FCR, 1.62 and 1.68, respectively, and PC manifested the poorest FCR (1.98) with higher ADFI ( P ≤ 0.05). MTB also produced a superior moisture content ( MC ; 82.11%) with inferior DM (17.89%) in ileum content ( P ≤ 0.05). The greatest liver fat content was found in MF group (48.19%) and MTA yielded the superior serum β-carotene and Vit A. MDA level in yolk samples was influenced by treatments, rendering the highest level in PC group ( P ≤ 0.05). Ileum microbiota and blood characteristics were also affected by treatments. In general, MTB proves to be a toxin-deactivator candidate with comparable results to that of commercially available toxin-binders.