New Dication-Based Lead-Deficient 3D MAPbI<sub>3</sub> and FAPbI<sub>3</sub> “d-HPs” Perovskites with Enhanced Stability
Liam Gollino, Antonin Leblanc, Jens Dittmer, Nicolas Mercier, Thierry Pauporté
Abstract
High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Toxicity induced by the presence of lead and the rather poor stability of halide perovskite semiconductors represent the major issues for their large-scale application. We previously reported a new family of lead- and iodide-deficient MAPbI 3 and FAPbI 3 perovskites called d-HPs (for lead- and iodide-deficient halide perovskites) based on two organic cations: hydroxyethylammonium HO–(CH 2 ) 2 –NH 3 + (HEA + ) and thioethylammonium HS–(CH 2 ) 2 –NH 3 + (TEA + ). In this article, we report the use of an organic dication, 2-hydroxypropane-1,3-diaminium (2-propanol 1,3 diammonium), named PDA 2+, to create new 3D d-HPs based on the MAPbI 3 and FAPbI 3 network with general formulations of (PDA) 0,88 x (MA) 1–0,76 x [Pb 1– x I 3– x ] and (PDA) 1,11 x (FA) 1–1,22 x [Pb 1– x I 3– x ], respectively. These d-HPs have been successfully synthesized as crystals, powders, and thin films and exhibit improved air stability compared to their reference MAPbI 3 and FAPbI 3 perovskite counterparts. PDA 2+ -based deficient MAPbI 3 was also tested in operational perovskite solar cells and exhibited an efficiency of 13.0% with enhanced stability.