Genotyping of selection-significant polymorphisms of cattle of the Western Siberia
Nikolai Kochnev, Г. М. Гончаренко, С. Н. Магер, Anastasiya Unzhakova, К. С. Шатохин
Abstract
The article presents the results of genotyping of 156 Simmental cows for the genes of kappa casein ( CSN3 ), beta-lactoglobulin ( BLG ), alpha-lactalbumin ( LALBA ) and leptin ( LEP ). Studies have shown that the population for all genes is in a state of equilibrium distribution of genotypes, which indicates the absence of factors that change allele frequencies. For the CSN3 gene, the frequency of genotypes A/A , A/B , and B/B is 0.583, 0.385, and 0.032; alleles A and B - 0.776 and 0.224. For the BLG gene, the frequency of the corresponding genotypes is 0.449, 0.455, and 0.096; alleles A and B - 0.676 and 0.324. The occurrence of the LALBA gene genotypes is as follows: A / A – 0.513, A/B – 0.429, B/B – 0.058; allele A – 0.728, allele B – 0.272. Distribution of genotypic classes of the LEP gene: C/C – 0.429, C/T – 0.481, T/T – 0.09; frequency of alleles C and T – 0.67 and 0.33. The observed population structure with a low frequency of B/B genotypes for the CSN3 and BLG genes associated with protein-milkability, but a relatively high level of heterozygosity, demonstrates a stable equilibrium of allele frequencies, which is possible in the case of selection in favor of heterozygotes.