Association between Hyperglycemia and Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ)
Gábor Kammerhofer, Dániel Végh, Dorottya Bányai, Á Végh, Árpád Joób-Fancsaly, Péter Hermann, Zoltán Géczi, Tamás Hegedüs, Kata Sára Somogyi, Bulcsú Bencze, Zita Biczó, Donát Huba Juhász, Péter Zaborszky, Marta Ujpál, Mihály Vaszilkó, Zsolt Németh
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a type of jawbone necrosis caused by the use of drugs for some types of cancer and osteoporosis. The current study aimed to evaluate the associations between hyperglycemia and the development of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw. METHODS: Our research group investigated data collected between 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2020. A total of 260 patients were selected from the Inpatient Care Unit, Department of Oromaxillofacial Surgery and Stomatology, Semmelweis University. Fasting glucose data were used and included in the study. RESULTS: = 0.003). Vascular anomaly and immune dysfunction caused by hyperglycemia can lead to necrosis after tooth extraction. Necrosis is more common in the mandible (75.0%) and in the case of parenteral antiresorptive treatment (intravenous Zoledronate and subcutaneous Denosumab). Hyperglycemia is a more relevant risk factor than bad oral habits (26.7%). CONCLUSIONS: Ischemia is a complication of abnormal glucose levels, a possible risk factor for necrosis development. Hence, uncontrolled or poorly regulated plasma glucose levels can significantly increase the risk of jawbone necrosis after invasive dental or oral surgical interventions.