Wheat-durum pasta added of inactivated <i>Bifidobacterium animalis</i> decreases glucose and total cholesterol levels and modulates gut microbiota in healthy rats
Caroline N. Almada, Carine N. Almada-Érix, Whyara Karoline Almeida da Costa, Juliana S. Graça, Lucélia Cabral, Melline Fontes Noronha, Any Elisa S. S. Gonçalves, Andrey Santos, Pablo Christiano Barboza Lollo, Marciane Magnani, Anderson S. Sant’Ana
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of consumption of wheat-durum pasta added of Bifidobacterium animalis inactivated by gamma-irradiation (paraprobiotic) on health and gut microbiota of rats. Twenty-one male rats were divided into three groups as follow: control (Control) receiving standard diet; pasta control (PC) receiving diet containing pasta, and paraprobiotic pasta Bifidobacterium-irradiated (PPBI), receiving paraprobiotic pasta. The serum levels of glucose and total cholesterol were reduced (p < 0.05) in PPBI when compared to the Control (p < 0.05). PPBI showed high abundance (p ˂ 0.05) of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria and a lower abundance of Bacteriodes compared to Control and PC. Besides, the PPBI showed high abundance (p ˂ 0.05) of Clostridiales, Lactobacillales; Bifidobacteriales, Bacillales, and Coriobacteriales in comparison to Control. Specific genera such as Bifibacterium, Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus, Allobaculum, and Blautia were more related to PPBI. Findings reveal wheat-durum pasta as a potential vehicle for delivering paraprobiotics B. animalis.