Continuous glucose monitoring system in diabetes in pregnancy: a narrative review
Melanie Rodacki, Márcio Krakauer, Denise Reis Franco, Patrícia Médici Dualib, Mauro Sancovski, Lenita Zajdenverg
Abstract
Diabetes in pregnancy increases maternal and fetal risks as well as the burden of chronic complications and comorbidities associated with this condition. In addition to HbA1c and blood glucose monitoring (BGM), continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGM) provide a complementary tool that enables comprehensive glycemic assessments and improves glycemic control. This review highlights the clinical value of CGM in the management of diabetes in pregnancy, encompassing type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but also early GDM. CGM derived metrics, such as time in range (TIR) and mean glucose levels, are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, emphasizing the importance of optimizing glycemic control. Overall, CGM is a valuable tool for detecting glucose fluctuations in pregnancies complicated by all forms of diabetes.