Longitudinal outcome of attenuated positive symptoms, negative symptoms, functioning and remission in people at clinical high risk for psychosis: a meta-analysis
Gonzalo Salazar de Pablo, Filippo Besana, Vincenzo Arienti, Ana Catalán, Julio Vaquerizo‐Serrano, Anna Cabras, Joana Pereira, Livia Soardo, Francesco Coronelli, Simi Kaur, Josette da Silva, Dominic Oliver, Natalia Petros, Carmen Moreno, Ana González‐Pinto, Covadonga M. Díaz‐Caneja, Jae Il Shin, Pierluigi Politi, Marco Solmi, Renato Borgatti, Martina Maria Mensi, Celso Arango, Christoph U. Correll, Philip McGuire, Paolo Fusar‐Poli
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Little is known about clinical outcomes other than transition to psychosis in people at Clinical High-Risk for psychosis (CHR-P). Our aim was to comprehensively meta-analytically evaluate for the first time a wide range of clinical and functional outcomes beyond transition to psychosis in CHR-P individuals. METHODS: PubMed and Web of Science were searched until November 2020 in this PRISMA compliant meta-analysis (PROSPERO:CRD42020206271). Individual longitudinal studies conducted in individuals at CHR-P providing data on at least one of our outcomes of interest were included. We carried out random-effects pairwise meta-analyses, meta-regressions, and assessed publication bias and study quality. Analyses were two-tailed with α=0.05. FINDINGS: =96.9%. The quality of the included studies (mean±SD) was 4.6±1.1 (range=2-8). INTERPRETATION: CHR-P individuals improve on symptomatic and functional outcomes over time, but these improvements are not maintained in the longer term, and less than half fully remit. Prolonged duration of care may be needed for this patient population to optimize outcomes. FUNDING: None.