Comparative Molecular and Immunoregulatory Analysis of Extracellular Vesicles from Candida albicans and Candida auris
Daniel Zamith‐Miranda, Heino Heyman, Sneha Couvillion, Radamés J. B. Cordero, Márcio L. Rodrigues, Leonardo Nimrichter, Arturo Casadevall, Rafaela F. Amatuzzi, Lysangela R. Alves, Ernesto Nakayasu, Joshua D. Nosanchuk
Abstract
Candida auris is a recently described multidrug-resistant pathogenic fungus that is responsible for outbreaks across the globe, particularly in the context of nosocomial infections. Its virulence factors and pathogenesis are poorly understood. Here, we tested the hypothesis that extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by C. auris are a disease-promoting factor. We describe the production of EVs by C. auris and compare their biological activities against those of the better-characterized EVs from C. albicans. C. auris EVs have immunoregulatory properties, of which some are opposite those of C. albicans EVs. We also explored the cargo and structural components of those vesicles and found that they are remarkably distinct compared to EVs from C. auris's phylogenetic relative Candida albicans.