Inflammatory Endotypes and Tissue Remodeling Features in Antrochoanal Polyps
Cailing Chen, Yu-Ting Wang, Yin Yao, Pan Li, Bei Guo, Ke‐Zhang Zhu, Jin Ma, Nan Wang, Xueli Li, Yi‐Ke Deng, Zheng Liu
Abstract
PURPOSE: The pathogenic mechanisms of antrochoanal polyps (ACPs) remain largely unknown. This study aimed to characterize inflammatory patterns and tissue remodeling features in ACPs. METHODS: Inflammatory cell infiltration and tissue edema severity as well as fibrin deposition in ACPs and bilateral eosinophilic and noneosinophilic nasal polyps (NPs) were studied with immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining. Cytokine levels in sinonasal tissues were detected with the Bio-Plex assay. The expression of coagulation and fibrinolytic markers was measured using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS: neutrophils was elevated in ACPs than in control tissues and bilateral eosinophilic and noneosinophilic NPs. CONCLUSIONS: ACPs are characterized by the neutrophilic and type 1 inflammation endotype. Neutrophil-derived IFN-γ is associated with reduced tPA production in ACPs.