A review of sustainable development in the harnessing geothermal and solar energy for approaching the residual heat utilization in refrigeration and district cooling systems
A. Francisco-Hernandez, Sara L. Moya, Alfonso Aragón-Aguilar, L.G. Carreto-Hernandez
Abstract
The growth of the building sector and the substantial aspect focused on energy conservation have prompted investigations into various approaches aimed at achieving synergy with sustainable development and warranty thermal comfort in buildings. This study reviews the global advancements in utilizing geothermal and solar energy for refrigeration systems as a step towards the application of District Cooling System (DCS) technology, while also assessing Mexico’s position concerning thermal resources for space conditioning. One of the main contributions of this study is the categorization of geothermal energy use, including its cascade systems (polygeneration) and its direct application in supporting chilled water generators through absorption chillers in different parts of the world. This review examines the integration of alternative energy sources, such as geothermal and solar energy, into district cooling systems, traditionally powered by electricity. It provides an updated overview of technological advancements, trends, and research gaps, offering insights into the feasibility and efficiency of these energy alternatives in district cooling applications. Furthermore, it constitutes a reference framework, compiling relevant technical data from each analyzed study. The findings derived from the analysis of the three contexts indicate a robust potential for DCS to synergize effectively with renewable energies, providing sustainable and environmentally friendly cooling energy solutions in Mexico and globally in the foreseeable future.