Carbon-based electrodes for photo-bio-electrocatalytic microbial fuel and electrolysis cells: advances and perspectives
Ankita Chaurasiya, Yashmeen Budania, Goldy Shah, Aradhana Mishra, Shiv Singh
Abstract
reduction, hydrogen production, and wastewater treatment. PBES integrating light-activated semiconductor materials with BESs, further amplify pollutant degradation and energy conversion efficiency. Despite significant progress, optimizing electrode materials and improving charge transport remain key challenges for scalable and cost-effective deployment. This review highlights the latest advancements in carbon-based electrodes for PBESs, detailing their mechanisms, photocatalytic properties, and future prospects in sustainable energy production and environmental remediation. By addressing existing material limitations and exploring novel photocatalytic enhancements, this work aims to contribute to the development of next-generation PBESs, fostering circular economy practices and carbon-neutral energy solutions.