Counterion Control of<i>t</i>‐BuO‐Mediated Single Electron Transfer to Nitrostilbenes to Construct<i>N</i>‐Hydroxyindoles or Oxindoles
Yingwei Zhao, Haoran Zhu, Siyoung Sung, Donald J. Wink, Joseph M. Zadrozny, Tom G. Driver
Abstract
tert-Butoxide unlocks new reactivity patterns embedded in nitroarenes. Exposure of nitrostilbenes to sodium tert-butoxide was found to produce N-hydroxyindoles at room temperature without an additive. Changing the counterion to potassium changed the reaction outcome to yield solely oxindoles through an unprecedented dioxygen-transfer reaction followed by a 1,2-phenyl migration. Mechanistic experiments established that these reactions proceed via radical intermediates and suggest that counterion coordination controls whether an oxindole or N-hydroxyindole product is formed.
Topics & Concepts
CounterionChemistryYield (engineering)Reactivity (psychology)Electron transferMedicinal chemistryPotassiumSodiumPhotochemistryOrganic chemistryIonMaterials scienceMetallurgyAlternative medicineMedicinePathologyRadical Photochemical ReactionsCatalytic C–H Functionalization MethodsSynthesis and Catalytic Reactions