An integrative review on the risk factors, prevention, and control strategies for carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii colonization in critically ill patients
Shihan Zhang, Jie Xiao, Yanan Li, Wei Li, Yihui Li, Mingmin Pang, Meichen Yan, Hui Han, Yi Cui, Xuehai Zhang, Hao Wang
Abstract
The presence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CR Ab ) has become one of the leading causes of life-threatening, hospital-acquired infections globally, especially with a notable prevalence in intensive care units (ICUs). The cross-transmission of microorganisms between patients and the hospital setting is crucial in the development of CR Ab colonization and subsequent infections. Recent studies indicate that colonization typically precedes infection, suggesting the effectiveness and necessity of preventing CR Ab colonization as a primary method to lower infection risks. As CR Ab infections tend to draw more attention due to their severe symptoms and poor outcomes, understanding the link between colonization and infection is equally vital. To establish a foundation for prevention and control strategies against CR Ab colonization in ICUs, we present a comprehensive review of research pertaining to CR Ab in ICUs. This encompasses an analysis of the resistance mechanisms and epidemiological characteristics of CR Ab , a discussion on associated risk factors, adverse outcomes, and an evaluation of detection methods and preventive strategies.