2D Nb₂C MXene-enhanced hierarchical hydrogel for efficient solar-driven water evaporation

Abstract

and a solar-to-vapor conversion efficiency of 93.2% under 1 sun irradiation, surpassing conventional hydrophilic polymer-based systems. The hydrogel's hierarchical porous structure facilitates effective thermal localization and sustains stable evaporation across varying solar intensities (1-5 sun), demonstrating adaptability for scalable applications. This work provides a rational strategy to design MXene-enhanced hydrogels for practical solar desalination and wastewater purification technologies.

Topics & Concepts