Slip boundary effects on hybrid nanofluid flow with activation energy and viscous dissipation in rotating rectangular systems
Zaheer Abbas, Ali Hassan, MY Rafiq, S. Goher
Abstract
This study provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of hybrid nanofluid flow and heat–mass transfer in a rotating rectangular system by incorporating velocity, thermal, and concentration slip conditions together with viscous dissipation and activation energy effects. The physical configuration consists of a fixed upper plate and a permeable, stretchable lower plate subjected to a uniform magnetic field and thermal radiation. Two hybrid nanofluid formulations, Cu/Ag –water and CuO/TiO 2 –water, are employed to examine the influence of distinct thermophysical properties on transport phenomena. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations are transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations via similarity transformations and numerically solved using MATLAB’s boundary value problem solver with a specified accuracy of 10 -6 . A detailed parametric study is carried out to assess the influence of Reynolds number, thermophoresis, Brownian motion, radiation, Eckert number, activation energy, Schmidt number, and slip parameters on the velocity, temperature, and concentration distributions. The results reveal that thermophoresis enhances mass diffusion while reducing the temperature gradient, whereas viscous dissipation notably elevates the thermal field. Activation energy significantly strengthens concentration boundary layers, and slip conditions reduce wall resistance, thereby modifying both heat and mass transfer rates. Thermal radiation increases the Nusselt number but decreases the Sherwood number for both hybrid nanofluids. Overall, the CuO/TiO 2 –water hybrid nanofluid exhibits superior thermal performance, whereas Cu/Ag –water shows enhanced mass transfer characteristics. • Comparative study of hybrid nanofluids in a rotating rectangular system. • Slip effects, viscous dissipation, and activation energy are incorporated. • Cu/Ag–water and CuO/TiO 2 –water hybrid nanofluid formulations are examined. • Magnetic field and thermal radiation are applied to permeable stretchable plate. • ODE system are solved numerically via similarity transforms using MATLAB BVP solver.