Impact of long-term epidural electrical stimulation enabled task-specific training on secondary conditions of chronic paraplegia in two humans
Lisa A. Beck, Daniel D. Veith, Margaux Linde, Megan L. Gill, Jonathan S. Calvert, Peter J. Grahn, Kristin Garlanger, Douglas A. Husmann, Igor Lavrov, Dimitry G. Sayenko, Jeffrey A. Strommen, Kendall Lee, Kristin D. Zhao
Abstract
EES optimized for standing and stepping may negatively impact neurogenic bladder functionality. Close monitoring of bladder health is imperative to prevent undesirable bladder compliance, which can lead to upper urinary tract deteriorations. Conversely, EES may serve as an adjunct tool with regular exercise modalities to improve body composition through activation of musculature innervated by spinal segments that are below the SCI.
Topics & Concepts
MedicineParaplegiaRehabilitationSpinal cord injuryPhysical medicine and rehabilitationPhysical therapyUrinary systemUrinary bladderSpinal cordUrologyInternal medicinePsychiatrySpinal Cord Injury ResearchNerve Injury and RehabilitationPregnancy-related medical research