Neutral-Colored Semitransparent Perovskite Solar Cells with Aperture Ratios Controlled via Laser Patterning
Hyong Joon Lee, Jin Kyoung Park, David Sunghwan Lee, Seongyun Choi, Seok Yeong Hong, Jin Hyuck Heo, Sang Hyuk Im
Abstract
Aesthetics is just as important as efficiency when it comes to designing solar cells for building-integrated photovoltaic applications such as solar windows, thus recently instigating a great interest in the development of neutral-colored semitransparent solar cells. Organic–inorganic halide perovskites (OIHPs) are of particular interest due to their unique properties as solar cell materials. Here, we demonstrate a laser patterning process of the OIHP film to control aperture ratios, which in turn can produce a neutral color for view. Through careful aperture control and by using indium tin oxide as the top electrode, we are able to fabricate neutral-colored semitransparent OIHP solar cells with high efficiency. Furthermore, we show that the involvement of a LiF interlayer at the OIHP and electron transporting layer interface is necessary, since the LiF interlayer plays a bifunctional role of interface passivation and current flow rectification, in order to more closely simulate an ideal diode. As a result, we successfully demonstrate a high efficiency of 12.83% for a 2.00 cm2 area and 9.30% for a 36.00 cm2 area, while achieving an average visible range transmittance of 21.74%.