Association of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with gallstone disease in the United States hospitalized patient population
Asim Kichloo, Shantanu Solanki, Khwaja F. Haq, Dushyant Singh Dahiya, Beth A. Bailey, Dhanshree Solanki, Jagmeet Singh, Michael Albosta, Farah Wani, Michael Aljadah, Harshil Shah, Hafiz M. Khan, Syed‐Mohammed Jafri
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Gallstones and cholecystectomy have been proposed as risk factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The reason for this may be that both gallstones, as well as NAFLD share several risk factors with regards to their development. Currently, there is a lack of sufficient evidence showing an association between these clinical conditions. AIM: To determine whether there is a meaningful association between gallstones and cholecystectomy with NAFLD. METHODS: revision, Clinical Modification diagnosis codes to identify hospitalizations with a diagnosis of gallstone disease (GSD) (includes calculus of gallbladder without cholecystitis without obstruction and acquired absence of gallbladder) as well as NAFLD (includes simple fatty liver and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis). Odds ratios (ORs) measuring the association between GSD (includes gallstones and cholecystectomy) and NAFLD were calculated using logistic regression after adjusting for confounding variables. RESULTS: value was less than 0.001 for all comparisons. CONCLUSION: NAFLD is more prevalent in women with GSD than men. The association between NAFLD and cholecystectomy/gallstones indicates that they may be risk factors for NAFLD.