Tramadol and Codeine Stacking/Boosting Dose Exposure Induced Neurotoxic Behaviors, Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Neurotoxic Genes in Adolescent Mice
Ismail O. Ishola, S. U. Eneanya, O. R. Folarin, Ifeoluwa O. Awogbindin, A. J. Abosi, James Olukayode Olopade, Njideka Okubadejo
Topics & Concepts
TramadolPharmacologyCodeineNeurotoxicityOxidative stressDownregulation and upregulationMedicineAnesthesiaChemistryMorphineAnalgesicToxicityEndocrinologyInternal medicineBiochemistryGeneVeterinary Pharmacology and AnesthesiaPain Mechanisms and TreatmentsOpioid Use Disorder Treatment