Ultra-uniform perovskite crystals formed in the presence of tetrabutylammonium bistriflimide afford efficient and stable perovskite solar cells
Jae-Keun Lim, Alwani Imanah Rafieh, Naoyuki Shibayama, Jianxing Xia, Jean‐Nicolas Audinot, Tom Wirtz, Sachin Kinge, Stefan W. Glunz, Yong Ding, Bin Ding, Hobeom Kim, Michael Saliba, Zhaofu Fei, Paul J. Dyson, Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin, Hiroyuki Kanda
Abstract
Compositional engineering of organic-inorganic metal halide perovskite allows for improved optoelectrical properties, however, phase segregation occurs during crystal nucleation and limits perovskite solar cell device performance. Herein, we show that by applying tetrabutylammonium bistriflimide as an additive in the perovskite precursor solution, ultra-uniform perovskite crystals are obtained, which effectively increases device performance. As a result, power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 24.5% in a cell and 21.2% in a module are achieved, together with high stability under illumination, humidity and elevated thermal conditions.