Valorization of citrus processing waste into high-performance bionanomaterials: green synthesis, biomedicine, and environmental remediation

Abstract

, microwave-assisted, biological, and hydrothermal methods) while addressing challenges related to scalability, reproducibility, and bioavailability. The review also frames CPW valorization within the broader context of circular economy models and the UN Sustainable Development Goals. By offering a critical synthesis of current knowledge and identification of key knowledge gaps, this work aims to support future research and industrial translation in green nanotechnology.

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