Nanoscale heterogeneous distribution of surface energy at interlayers in organic bulk-heterojunction solar cells

Yanxun Li, Jianwei Ding, Liang Cheng, Xuning Zhang, Jianqi Zhang, Devon S. Jakob, Boxin Wang, Xing Li, Hong Zhang, Lina Li, Yingguo Yang, Guangjie Zhang, Xiaoxian Zhang, Wenna Du, Xinfeng Liu, Yuan Zhang, Yong Zhang, Xiaoji G. Xu, Xiaohui Qiu, Huiqiong Zhou, Xiaohui Qiu, Huiqiong Zhou