National, sub-national, and risk-attributed burden of thyroid cancer in Iran from 1990 to 2019
Mohammadreza Azangou‐Khyavy, Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam, Negar Rezaei, Zahra Esfahani, Nazila Rezaei, Sina Azadnajafabad, Mohammad‐Mahdi Rashidi, Esmaeil Mohammadi, GBD 2019 Iran Thyroid Cancer Collaborators, Mohammadreza Azangou‐Khyavy, Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam, Negar Rezaei, Zahra Esfahani, Nazila Rezaei, Sina Azadnajafabad, Mohammad‐Mahdi Rashidi, Esmaeil Mohammadi, Mohsen Abbasi‐Kangevari, Zeinab Abbasi-Kangevari, Hassan Abolhassani, Sepideh Ahmadi, Ali Ahmadi, Saeed Amini, Fazel Isapanah Amlashi, Ali Arash Anoushirvani, Jalal Arabloo, Seyyed Shamsadin Athari, Amirhossein Azari Jafari, Sima Besharat, Ali Bijani, Ahmad Daryani, Mostafa Dianatinasab, Mojtaba Didehdar, Ali Fatehizadeh, Seyyed‐Hadi Ghamari, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Pouya Goleij, Mohamad Golitaleb, Nima Hafezi‐Nejad, Arvin Haj‐Mirzaian, Soheil Hassanipour, Ali Kabir, Maryam Keramati, Rovshan Khalilov, Maryam Khayamzadeh, Ali‐Asghar Kolahi, Farzad Kompani, Hamid Reza Koohestani, Somayeh Livani, Soleiman Mahjoub, Mohammad‐Reza Malekpour, Narges Malih, Borhan Mansouri, Entezar Mehrabi Nasab, Seyyedmohammadsadeq Mirmoeeni, Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Reza Mohammadpourhodki, Sara Momtazmanesh, Mohammadreza Naghipour, Houshang Najafi, Javad Nazari, Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi, Maryam Noori, Ali Nowroozi, Fatemeh Pashazadeh Kan, Raffaele Pezzani, Sima Rafiei, Samira Raoofi, Mohammad Sadegh Razeghinia, Maryam Rezaei, Saeid Rezaei, Nima Rezaei, Sahba Rezazadeh-Khadem, Farhad Saeedi, Maryam Sahebazzamani, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Saeed Shahabi, Javad Sharifi‐Rad, Sara Sheikhbahaei, Reza Shirkoohi, Parnian Shobeiri, Rohollah Valizadeh, Iman Zare, Seyed Mohammad Tavangar, Hamidreza Jamshidi, Ali H. Mokdad, Mohsen Naghavi, Farshad Farzadfar, Bagher Larijani, Seyed Mohammad Tavangar, Hamidreza Jamshidi, Ali H. Mokdad, Mohsen Naghavi, Farshad Farzadfar, Bagher Larijani
Abstract
An updated exploration of the burden of thyroid cancer across a country is always required for making correct decisions. The objective of this study is to present the thyroid cancer burden and attributed burden to the high Body Mass Index (BMI) in Iran at national and sub-national levels from 1990 to 2019. The data was obtained from the GBD 2019 study estimates. To explain the pattern of changes in incidence from 1990 to 2019, decomposition analysis was conducted. Besides, the attribution of high BMI in the thyroid cancer DALYs and deaths were obtained. The age-standardized incidence rate of thyroid cancer was 1.57 (95% UI: 1.33-1.86) in 1990 and increased 131% (53-191) until 2019. The age-standardized prevalence rate of thyroid cancer was 30.19 (18.75-34.55) in 2019 which increased 164% (77-246) from 11.44 (9.38-13.85) in 1990. In 2019, the death rate, and Disability-adjusted life years of thyroid cancer was 0.49 (0.36-0.53), and 13.16 (8.93-14.62), respectively. These numbers also increased since 1990. The DALYs and deaths attributable to high BMI was 1.91 (0.95-3.11) and 0.07 (0.04-0.11), respectively. The thyroid cancer burden and high BMI attributed burden has increased from 1990 to 2019 in Iran. This study and similar studies' results can be used for accurate resource allocation for efficient management and all potential risks' modification for thyroid cancer with a cost-conscious view.