Relationship between Ion Transport and Phase Behavior in Acetal-Based Polymer Blend Electrolytes Studied by Electrochemical Characterization and Neutron Scattering
Jaeyong Lee, Kevin W. Gao, Neel J. Shah, Cheol Kang, Rachel L. Snyder, Brooks A. Abel, Lilin He, Susana C. M. Teixeira, Geoffrey W. Coates, Nitash P. Balsara
Abstract
We have studied ion transport in electrolytes created by blending two different polymers and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI). The polymers covered in this study are poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), poly(1,3,6-trioxocane) (P(2EO-MO)), and poly(1,3-dioxolane) (P(EO-MO)). Ion transport is quantified by the product κρ+ which is defined as the efficacy of the electrolytes, where κ is conductivity and ρ+ is the current fraction determined by the Bruce–Vincent method. Polymer blends can be either one-phase or macrophase-separated. We used small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) to distinguish between these two possibilities. The random phase approximation (RPA) was used to interpret SANS data from one-phase blends. The effect of added salt on polymer blend thermodynamics is quantified by an effective Flory–Huggins interaction parameter. All polymer blends were one-phase in the absence of salt. Adding salt in small concentrations results in macrophase separation in all cases. One-phase systems were observed in the PEO/P(EO-MO)/LiTFSI blends at high salt concentrations. In most of the polymer blend electrolytes, the measured κρ+ was either lower than or comparable to that of the homopolymer electrolytes. An exception to this was one-phase PEO/P(EO-MO)/LiTFSI blends electrolytes at high salt concentrations.