Combined fouling of forward osmosis membrane by alginate and TiO2 nanoparticles and fouling mitigation mechanisms
Xianzheng Zhu, Longfei Wang, Feng Zhang, Liven Wenhui Lee, Jie Li, Xiaoyang Liu, Shuai Luo, Huang Min-sheng, Houqi Liu
Topics & Concepts
FoulingMembraneIsothermal titration calorimetryForward osmosisMembrane foulingChemical engineeringChemistryAttenuated total reflectionFourier transform infrared spectroscopyNanoparticleForce spectroscopyReverse osmosisOrganic chemistryMoleculePhysical chemistryBiochemistryEngineeringMembrane Separation TechnologiesExtraction and Separation ProcessesMembrane-based Ion Separation Techniques