Benefits and Implications of Resveratrol Supplementation on Microbiota Modulations: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Alessio Danilo Inchingolo, Giuseppina Malcangi, Angelo Michele Inchingolo, Fabio Piras, Vito Settanni, Grazia Garofoli, Giulia Palmieri, Sabino Ceci, Assunta Patano, Nicole De Leonardis, Chiara Di Pede, Valentina Montenegro, Daniela Azzollini, Maria Grazia Garibaldi, Zamira Kruti, Antonella Tarullo, Giovanni Coloccia, Antonio Mancini, Biagio Rapone, Alexandra Semjonova, Denisa Hazballa, Maria Teresa D’Oria, Megan M. Jones, Luigi Macchia, Ioana Roxana Bordea, Antônio Scarano, Felice Lorusso, Gianluca Martino Tartaglia, Cinzia Maspero, Massimo Del Fabbro, Ludovica Nucci, Kenan Ferati, Arbëresha BEXHETI FERATI, Nicola Brienza, Alberto Corriero, Francesco Inchingolo, Gianna Dipalma
Abstract
Resveratrol is a polyphenol that has been shown to possess many applications in different fields of medicine. This systematic review has drawn attention to the axis between resveratrol and human microbiota, which plays a key role in maintaining an adequate immune response that can lead to different diseases when compromised. Resveratrol can also be an asset in new technologies, such as gene therapy. PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched to find papers that matched our topic dating from 1 January 2017 up to 18 January 2022, with English-language restriction using the following Boolean keywords: ("resveratrol" AND "microbio*"). Eighteen studies were included as relevant papers matching the purpose of our investigation. Immune response, prevention of thrombotic complications, microbiota, gene therapy, and bone regeneration were retrieved as the main topics. The analyzed studies mostly involved resveratrol supplementation and its effects on human microbiota by trials in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo. The beneficial activity of resveratrol is evident by analyzing the changes in the host's genetic expression and the gastrointestinal microbial community with its administration. The possibility of identifying individual microbial families may allow to tailor therapeutic plans with targeted polyphenolic diets when associated with microbial dysbiosis, such as inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, degenerative diseases, tumors, obesity, diabetes, bone tissue regeneration, and metabolic syndrome.