Mountain Tourism and Water and Snow Management in Climate Change Context
Emmanuel Reynard
Abstract
Mountain tourism is mainly based on two particular territorial resources: landscape In the European mountains, after a phase of development of summer tourism since the end of the 18 th century, winter sports appeared at the beginning of the 20 th century in Saint-Moritz (Engadine, Switzerland), and then spread to almost all mountain ranges (Alps, Pyrenees, Carpathians, etc.), as early as the inter-war period and especially after the Second World War. Some countries, such as France, have implemented proper policies for the planned development of the "snow" resource. The Plan Neige thus aimed to compensate in a systematic and planned manner for the decline of the agricultural and pastoral economy and to position France on the European ski market (Granet-Abisset, 2016), giving rise to the model of integrated resorts In many regions, a real snow economy has taken place, a model that is now moving towards new markets, such as the Caucasus. In North America, snow tourism has also emerged in some Rocky Mountain resorts, complementing the "wilderness" tourism developed in the late 19 th century and the creation of the first national parks.