Predictors for Prolonged Hospital Stay Solely to Complete Intravenous Antifungal Treatment in Patients with Candidemia: Results from the ECMM Candida III Multinational European Observational Cohort Study
Matthias Egger, Jon Salmanton‐García, Aleksandra Barać, Jean‐Pierre Gangneux, Hélène Guegan, Valentina Arsić‐Arsenijević, Tadeja Matos, Rok Tomazin, Н Н Климко, Matteo Bassetti, Helena Hammarström, Eelco F. J. Meijer, Jacques F. Meis, Juergen Prattes, Robert Krause, Oğuz Reşat Sıpahı, Ulrike Scharmann, P. Lewis White, Guillaume Désoubeaux, Julio García‐Rodríguez, Carolina García‐Vidal, Sonia Martín‐Pérez, Maite Ruiz, Mario Tumbarello, Alida Fe Talento, Benedict Rogers, Katrien Lagrou, Jens Van Praet, Sevtap Arıkan-Akdağlı, Maiken Cavling Arendrup, Philipp Koehler, Oliver A. Cornely, Martin Hoenigl, on behalf of the ECMM Candida III Study Group$, Ana Alastruey‐Izquierdo, Nick de Jonge, Tihana Bicanic, Ola Blennow, Blandine Denis, Nina Khanna, Cornelia Lass‐Flörl, Clare Logan, Laura Loughlin, Volkan Özenci, Zdenek Zdenek, Laman Rahimli, Riina Rautemaa‐Richardson, Joerg Steinmann, И. О. Стома, Janina Trauth, François Danion, Jochem B. Buil, Julio Dávila, Eric Van Wijngaerden
Abstract
BACKGROUND: To date, azoles represent the only viable option for oral treatment of invasive Candida infections, while rates of azole resistance among non-albicans Candida spp. continue to increase. The objective of this sub-analysis of the European multicenter observational cohort study Candida III was to describe demographical and clinical characteristics of the cohort requiring prolonged hospitalization solely to complete intravenous (iv) antifungal treatment (AF Tx). METHODS: Each participating hospital (number of eligible hospitals per country determined by population size) included the first ~ 10 blood culture proven adult candidemia cases occurring consecutively after July 1st, 2018, and treating physicians answered the question on whether hospital stay was prolonged only for completion of intravenous antifungal therapy. Descriptive analyses as well as binary logistic regression was used to assess for predictors of prolonged hospitalization solely to complete iv AF Tx. FINDINGS: Hospital stay was prolonged solely for the completion of iv AF Tx in 16% (100/621) of candidemia cases by a median of 16 days (IQR 8 - 28). In the multivariable model, initial echinocandin treatment was a positive predictor for prolonged hospitalization to complete iv AF Tx (aOR 2.87, 95% CI 1.55 - 5.32, p < 0.001), while (i) neutropenia, (ii) intensive care unit admission, (iii) catheter related candidemia, (iv) total parenteral nutrition, and (v) C. parapsilosis as causative pathogen were found to be negative predictors (aOR 0.22 - 0.45; p < 0.03). INTERPRETATION: Hospital stays were prolonged due to need of iv AF Tx in 16% of patients with candidemia. Those patients were more likely to receive echinocandins as initial treatment and were less severely ill and less likely infected with C. parapsilosis.