Dual-modality optical coherence tomography and fluorescence tethered capsule endomicroscopy
Andreas Wartak, Alfred Kyrollos Kelada, Paola A. Leon Alarcon, Ara L. Bablouzian, Osman O. Ahsen, Abigail L. Gregg, Yuxiao Wei, Keval Bollavaram, Conor J. Sheil, Edward Farewell, Schuyler VanTol, Rachel Smith, Patricia Grahmann, Aaron Baillargeon, Joseph A. Gardecki, Guillermo J. Tearney
Abstract
OCT tethered capsule endomicroscopy (TCE) is an emerging noninvasive diagnostic imaging technology for gastrointestinal (GI) tract disorders. OCT measures tissue reflectivity that provides morphologic image contrast, and thus is incapable of ascertaining molecular information that can be useful for improving diagnostic accuracy. Here, we introduce an extension to OCT TCE that includes a fluorescence (FL) imaging channel for attaining complementary, co-registered molecular contrast. We present the development of an OCT-FL TCE capsule and a portable, plug-and-play OCT-FL imaging system. The technology is validated in phantom experiments and feasibility is demonstrated in a methylene blue (MB)-stained swine esophageal injury model, ex vivo and in vivo .