In vitro investigation of stone ablation efficiency, char formation, spark generation, and damage mechanism produced by thulium fiber laser
Junqin Chen, Arpit Mishra, Robert Medairos, Jodi Antonelli, Glenn M. Preminger, Michael E. Lipkin, Pei Zhong
Topics & Concepts
AblationFiberExplosive materialMaterials scienceLaser ablationLaserCharThuliumAnalytical Chemistry (journal)Composite materialChemistryOpticsCombustionMedicineChromatographyOrganic chemistryInternal medicinePhysicsLaser-induced spectroscopy and plasmaKidney Stones and Urolithiasis TreatmentsSolid State Laser Technologies