Optical clearing agent increases effectiveness of photodynamic therapy in a mouse model of cutaneous melanoma: an analysis by Raman microspectroscopy
Letícia Palombo Martinelli, Ievgeniia Iermak, Lílian Tan Moriyama, Michelle Barreto Requena, Layla Pires, Cristina Kurachi
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive type of skin cancer and a relevant health problem due to its poor treatment response with high morbidity and mortality rates. This study, aimed to investigate the tissue changes of an improved photodynamic therapy (PDT) response when combined with optical clearing agent (OCA) in the treatment of cutaneous melanoma in mice. Photodithazine (PDZ) was administered intraperitoneally and a solution of OCA was topically applied before PDT irradiation. Due to a resultant refractive index matching, OCA-treated tumors are more optically homogenous, improving the PDT response. Raman analysis revealed, when combined with OCA, the PDT response was more homogenous down to 725 µm-depth in thickness.