Association of lipid profile biomarkers with breast cancer by molecular subtype: analysis of the MEND study
Anjali Gupta, Veeral Saraiya, April Deveaux, Taofik Oyekunle, Klarissa D. Jackson, Omolola Salako, Adetola Daramola, Allison Hall, Olusegun Isaac Alatise, Gabriel Olabiyi Ogun, Adewale Adeniyi, Omobolaji Ayandipo, Thomas Olajide, Olalekan Olasehinde, Olukayode Arowolo, Adewale Adisa, Oludolapo Afuwape, Aralola Olusanya, Aderemi Adegoke, Trygve O. Tollefsbol, Donna K. Arnett, Michael J. Muehlbauer, Christopher B. Newgard, Samuel Ajayi, Yemi Raheem Raji, Timothy O. Olanrewaju, Charlotte Osafo, Ifeoma Ulasi, Adanze Onyenonachi Asinobi, Cheryl A. Winkler, David Burke, Fatiu A. Arogundade, Ivy Ekem, Jacob Plange‐Rhule, Manmak Mamven, Michael Mate-kole, Olukemi K. Amodu, Richard G. Cooper, Sampson Antwi, Adebowale Adeyemo, Titilayo O. Ilori, Victoria Adabayeri, Alexander K. Nyarko, Anita Ghansah, Ernestine Kubi Amos-Abanyie, Priscilla Abena Akyaw, Paul L. Kimmel, Babatunde Salako, Rulan S. Parekh, Bamidele O. Tayo, Rasheed Gbadegesin, Michael Boehnke, Robert Lyons, Frank C. Brosius, Daniel J. Clauw, Chijioke Adindu, Clement O. Bewaji, Elliot Koranteng Tannor, Perditer Okyere, Chuba Ijoma, Nicki Tiffin, Junaid Gamiedien, Friedhelm Hildebrandt, Charles Odenigbo, Nonyelun Jisieike-Onuigbo, I Modebe, Aliyu Abdu, Patience Obiagwu, Ogochukwu Okoye, Adaobi Solarin, Toyin Amira, Christopher Imokhuede Esezobor, Muhammad Makusidi, Santosh L. Saraf, Victor R. Gordeuk, Gloria Ashuntangtang, Georgette Guenkam, Folefack Kazi, Olanrewaju T. Adedoyin, Mignon McCullough, Peter Nourse, Uche Okafor, Emmanuel Adémólá Anígilájé, Patrick Ikpebe, Tola Odetunde, Ngozi R Mbanefo, Wasiu A. Olowu, Paulina Tindana, Olubenga Awobusuyi, Olugbenga Ogedegbe, Opeyemi A. Olabisi, Karl Skorecki, Ademola Adebowale, Matthias Kretzler, Jeffrey B. Hodgin, Dwomoa Adu, Akinlolu Ojo, Vincent Boima, Tomi Akinyemiju
Abstract
There is conflicting evidence on the role of lipid biomarkers in breast cancer (BC), and no study to our knowledge has examined this association among African women. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the association of lipid biomarkers-total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides-with odds of BC overall and by subtype (Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2-enriched and triple-negative or TNBC) for 296 newly diagnosed BC cases and 116 healthy controls in Nigeria. Each unit standard deviation (SD) increase in triglycerides was associated with 39% increased odds of BC in fully adjusted models (aOR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.86). Among post-menopausal women, higher total cholesterol (aOR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.06, 2.57), LDL cholesterol (aOR: 1.59; 95% CI: 1.04, 2.41), and triglycerides (aOR: 1.91; 95% CI: 1.21, 3.01) were associated with increased odds of BC. Additionally, each unit SD increase in LDL was associated with 64% increased odds of Luminal B BC (aOR 1.64; 95% CI: 1.06, 2.55). Clinically low HDL was associated with 2.7 times increased odds of TNBC (aOR 2.67; 95% CI: 1.10, 6.49). Among post-menopausal women, higher LDL cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly associated with increased odds of Luminal B BC and HER2 BC, respectively. In conclusion, low HDL and high LDL are associated with increased odds of TN and Luminal B BC, respectively, among African women. Future prospective studies can definitively characterize this association and inform clinical approaches targeting HDL as a BC prevention strategy.