The Role of Retinal Ganglion Cell Structure and Function in Glaucoma
Kathy Ming Feng, Ta‐Hsin Tsung, Yi‐Hao Chen, Da‐Wen Lu
Abstract
Glaucoma, a leading cause of irreversible blindness globally, primarily affects retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). This review dives into the anatomy of RGC subtypes, covering the different underlying theoretical mechanisms that lead to RGC susceptibility in glaucoma, including mechanical, vascular, excitotoxicity, and neurotrophic factor deficiency, as well as oxidative stress and inflammation. Furthermore, we examined numerous imaging methods and functional assessments to gain insight into RGC health. Finally, we investigated the current possible neuroprotective targets for RGCs that could help with future glaucoma research and management.
Topics & Concepts
GlaucomaNeuroprotectionNeuroscienceExcitotoxicityRetinal ganglion cellRetinalMedicineOphthalmologyNeurotrophic factorsBiologyGlutamate receptorInternal medicineReceptorGlaucoma and retinal disordersRetinal Development and DisordersRetinal Diseases and Treatments