Diamond optomechanical cavity with a color center for coherent microwave-to-optical quantum interfaces
Byunggi Kim, Hodaka Kurokawa, K. Sakai, Kazuki Koshino, Hideo Kosaka, Masahiro Nomura
Abstract
Quantum transduction between microwave and optical photons plays a key role in quantum communication among remote qubits. Although the quantum transduction schemes generating communication photons have been successfully demonstrated by using optomechanical interfaces, the low conversion efficiency remains an obstacle to the implementation of a quantum network consisting of multiple qubits. Here, we present an efficient quantum transduction scheme using a one-dimensional diamond optomechanical crystal cavity tuned at a color-center emission without optomechanical coupling. The optomechanical crystal cavity incorporates a thin aluminum nitride ($\mathrm{Al}\mathrm{N}$) pad piezoelectric coupler near the concentrator cavity region, while retaining ultrasmall mechanical and optical mode volumes of about $1.5\phantom{\rule{0.1em}{0ex}}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\phantom{\rule{0.1em}{0ex}}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}({\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}}_{p}{)}^{3}$ and $0.2(\ensuremath{\lambda}/n{)}^{3}$, respectively. The energy level of a coherent color-center electron is manipulated by a strong mechanical-mode--color-center electron-coupling rate up to 16.4 MHz. In our system, we theoretically predict that the population-conversion efficiency from a single microwave photon into an optical photon can reach 15% combined with current technologies. The coherent conversion efficiency is over 10% with a reasonably pure decay time of ${T}_{2}^{\ensuremath{\ast}}>10\phantom{\rule{0.25em}{0ex}}\mathrm{ns}$. Our results imply that an atomic color center strongly coupled to the optomechanical crystal cavity will offer a highly efficient quantum transduction platform.