Effect of nonlinear radiation on 3D unsteady MHD stagnancy flow of Fe <sub>3</sub> O <sub>4</sub> /graphene–water hybrid nanofluid
Fazle Mabood, G.P. Ashwinkumar, N. Sandeep
Abstract
Three-dimensional unsteady magnetohydrodynamic stagnancy flow of hybrid nanoliquid, with nonlinear radiation and uneven heat rise/sag, is studied hypothetically. We considered Fe3O4/graphene nanoparticles embedded in water. The physical problem is modelled mathematically and resolved using Runge–Kutta Fourth order with a shooting procedure. Influences of pertinent parameters on the flow and energy transport are noted numerically and graphically. Moreover, the wall friction and the local Nusselt number are computed and a comparative analysis of nano/hybrid nanofluids is performed with the help of streamlines and isotherms. It is found that the drive and energy transport of nano/hybrid nanofluid is highly influenced by the variation in the particle volume fraction as well as unsteadiness factor. Also, the average temperature of nanofluid in the saddle stagnation region is higher than that of hybrid nanofluid.