Performance Evaluation of Printable Carbon‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells Infiltrated with Reusable CsPbI<sub>3</sub>:EuCl<sub>3</sub> and Standard AVA‐MAPbI<sub>3</sub>
Salvatore Valastro, Gaetano Calogero, Emanuele Smecca, Corrado Bongiorno, Valentina Arena, Giovanni Mannino, Ioannis Deretzis, Giuseppe Fisicaro, Antonino La Magna, Alessandra Alberti
Abstract
Hole‐transporting layer‐free mesoporous carbon (mC) architectures represent a printable, low‐cost, and stable solution for the future commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). CsPbI 3 perovskite is attracting attention for its inorganic structure, which yields higher structural stability compared to hybrid counterparts and allows reversibility of its photoactive phase. Here the photovoltaic performance of large‐area (144 mm 2 ) devices infiltrated with CsPbI 3 :EuCl 3 is systematically evaluated, using AVA‐MAPbI 3 mC‐PSCs as a reference. Measured and simulated J – V curves acquired at various scan rates show a significantly reduced hysteresis for Eu‐doped CsPbI 3 with respect to AVA‐MAPbI 3 mC‐PSCs. The synergic comparison between experiments and simulations reveals the complex interplay between ionic and electronic charges in the two mC‐PSCs, supporting the argument that cation migration is suppressed in CsPbI 3 :EuCl 3 . This also agrees with steady‐state photoconversion efficiency measured and simulated at fixed bias, which is constant over time in CsPbI 3 :EuCl 3 , contrary to what occurs in AVA‐MAPbI 3 where a decay arises from enhanced ionic migration. In addition, CsPbI 3 :EuCl 3 mC‐PSCs maintain their initial efficiency up to 250 h at 55 °C under continuous illumination during maximum power point tracking measurements. The possibility of reusing the CsPbI 3 :EuCl 3 mC‐PSCs multiple times is demonstrated, pointing out the superiority of this inorganic perovskite in terms of sustainability.